84
February 2016
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING & REMOTE SENSING
P
ilot
R
esults
and
D
iscussion
Thanks to the GCI framework, authorized users may access
Web Map Service (WMS), Web Feature Service (WFS), and
Sensor Observation Service (SOS) from either any Chile agen-
cy or GEOSS organization through the geoportal. At present,
we are achieving the following goals in the AIP- Chile Capac-
ity Building Working Group for disasters:
•
develop a working relationship within each participant
organization despite linguistic, technical and other dif-
ferences;
•
access to and integrate the observational data;
•
develop and propose policies and strategies to improve
actions by the emergency agency in Chile;
•
increase communication and coordination between the
national, regional, and international communities in
support of reducing risk and better manage disasters.
The use of multiple types of geospatial data from nation-
al and international sources greatly expands the capabilities
and decreases the cost of managing risks at different scales
and stages related to a disaster.
In the development of the testing cases, we are building
the requirements and relationship of data, models, and ser-
vices that can be used during the occurrence of a disaster.
Our belief is such that, given the technological advances in
digital information, the management of disaster events can
be further aided by technology and science.
Thanks to the social network and the big data analysis, pro-
fessionals from different branches (scientists, geographers,
Figure 8. Copahue volcanic region. Mashup of Google Earth with
Web Coverage Processing Service testing that used a SWIR image
(band 8,9,10, ALI sensor on EO-1 satellite) and pan-sharpening
image of Copahue volcanic region. EO-1 Image of 8 October, 2014
provided courtesy of NASA. Processing done by Lucia Lovison.
cartographers, and computer system experts) are combining
new and sophisticated initiatives to monitor phenomena, de-
scribe models and scenarios, and simulate future challenges.
Presently, experts forecast that each person will consume data
on a mobile device for 1 GB per day by 2020 (Atri, 2015). Fur-
thermore, by 2020 experts believe that 90 percent of the world
will be mobile (Lonergan, 2015). In this context, there are
growing opportunities to involve citizens through social net-
works in the process of monitoring and generating information
(crowdsourcing and citizen observatory within GEOSS).
GEO works to support risk modeling through the implemen-
tation of the Global Earthquake Model initiative (GEM, 2015).
GEOSS also helps the scientific community to better understand
the causes and dynamics of geological threats through the GEO
Geohazard Supersites and Natural Laboratories initiative.
C
onclusions
This is a report on amulti-year project aimed at reducingChile’s
vulnerability to disasters. Thanks to interoperable geospatial
standards through which we convert data and metadata com-
ing from a variety of sources, we register them to the GCI and
make them accessible, searchable, discoverable and integrate
them through the geoportal. As described in the report by the
US President’s Council of Advisors of Science & Technology
(Holdren, 2014), some data are “born digital,” meaning that it
is created specifically for digital use by a computer or satellite.
Other data are “born analog,” meaning that it emanates from
the physical world, but can be converted into digital format,
such as information captured by phones. Thanks to GEOSS
and its model of service-oriented architecture, we can bring
together big, disperse, and disparate sources of socially-based
data, as well as achieve remarkable results in the mitigation of
the vulnerability of societies to natural disasters.
The declining cost of collection, storage, and processing of
data, combined with new sources of data like sensors, camer-
as and other observational technologies, means that we live
in a world of near-ubiquitous data collection. This explosion
of data will drive demand for high-performance computing
and push the capabilities of even the most sophisticated data
management technologies in a distributed environment.
Our Chile Capacity Building AIP Working Group future
goals are to continue working in order to facilitate alert,
preparation, response and recovery from disasters to increase
communication and coordination between the national, re-
gional and global communities, and to improve the national
response to disasters, so that GEOSS complements other ini-
tiatives.
A
cknowledgements
The authors are indebted to the Chilean agencies for the data
supplied, to NASA and ESA for the facilities and services
they have provided.
