PE&RS February 2018 Full - page 56

56
February 2018
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING & REMOTE SENSING
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING
& REMOTE SENSING
J
ournal
S
taff
Publisher ASPRS
Editor-In-Chief Alper Yilmaz
Technical Editor Michael S. Renslow
Assistant Editor Jie Shan
Assistant Director — Publications Rae Kelley
Electronic Publications Manager/Graphic Artist Matthew Austin
Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing
is the official journal of the
American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. It is devoted to the
exchange of ideas and information about the applications of photogrammetry,
remote sensing, and geographic information systems. The technical activities of
the Society are conducted through the following Technical Divisions: Geographic
Information Systems, Photogrammetric Applications, Lidar, Primary Data
Acquisition, Professional Practice, and Remote Sensing Applications. Additional
information on the functioning of the Technical Divisions and the Society can
be found in the Yearbook issue of
PE&RS.
Correspondence relating to all business and editorial matters pertaining to this
and other Society publications should be directed to the American Society for
Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 425 Barlow Place, Suite 210, Bethesda,
Maryland 20814-2144, including inquiries, memberships, subscriptions, changes
in address, manuscripts for publication, advertising, back issues, and publica-
tions. The telephone number of the Society Headquarters is 301-493-0290; the
fax number is 301-493-0208; web address is
.
PE&RS
.
PE&RS
(ISSN0099-1112) is published monthly by the American Society
for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 425 Barlow Place, Suite 210, Bethesda,
Maryland 20814-2144. Periodicals postage paid at Bethesda, Maryland and at
additional mailing offices.
SUBSCRIPTION
.
For the 2018 subscription year, ASPRS is offering two options to
our
PE&RS
subscribers —an e-Subscription and the print edition. E-subscribers
can plus-up their subscriptions with printed copies for a small additional charge.
Print subscriptions are on a calendar-year basis that runs from January through
December. Electronic subscriptions run for twelve months on an anniversary
basis. We recommend that customers who choose both e-Subscription and print
(e-Subscription + Print) renew on a calendar-year basis. The new electronic
subscription includes access to ten years of digital back issues of
PE&RS
for
online subscribers through the same portal at no additional charge. Please see
the Frequently Asked Questions about our journal subscriptions.
The rate of the e-Subscription (digital) Site License Only for USA and Foreign:
$1000.00; e-Subscription (digital) Site License Only for Canada*: $1049.00;
Special Offers: e-Subscription (digital) Plus Print for the USA: $1,365.00;
e-Subscription (digital) Plus Print Canada*: $1,424.00; e-Subscription (digital)
Plus Print Outside of the USA: $1,395.00; Printed-Subscription Only for
USA: $1065.00; Printed-Subscription Only for Canada*: $1,124.00; Printed-
Subscription Only for Other Foreign: $1,195.00. *Note: e-Subscription/Printed-
Subscription Only/e-Subscription Plus Print for Canada include 5% of the total
amount for Canada’s Goods and Services Tax (GST #135123065).
POSTMASTER
.
Send address changes to
PE&RS
, ASPRS Headquarters,
425 Barlow Place, Suite 210, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-2144. CDN CPM
#(40020812)
MEMBERSHIP
.
Membership is open to any person actively engaged in the practice
of photogrammetry, photointerpretation, remote sensing and geographic
information systems; or who by means of education or profession is interested
in the application or development of these arts and sciences. Membership is
for one year, with renewal based on the anniversary date of the month joined.
Membership Dues include a 12-month electronic subscription to
PE&RS
. Or you
can receive the print copy of
PE&RS
Journal which is available to all member
types for an additional fee of $60.00 USA and or $75.00 for international
shipping. Subscription is part of membership benefits and cannot be deducted
from annual dues. Dues for ASPRS Members outside of the U.S. will now be the
same as for members residing in the U.S. Annual dues for Regular members
(Active Member) is $150; for Student members it is $50 for USA and Canada;
$60 for Other Foreign. A tax of 5% for Canada’s Goods and Service Tax (GST
#135123065) is applied to all members residing in Canada.
COPYRIGHT 2018.
Copyright by the American Society for Photogrammetry and
Remote Sensing. Reproduction of this issue or any part thereof (except short
quotations for use in preparing technical and scientific papers) may be made
only after obtaining the specific approval of the Managing Editor. The Society
is not responsible for any statements made or opinions expressed in technical
papers, advertisements, or other portions of this publication. Printed in the
United States of America.
PERMISSION TO PHOTOCOPY.
The appearance of the code at the bottom of the
first page of an article in this journal indicates the copyright owner’s consent
that copies of the article may be made for personal or internal use or for the
personal or internal use of specific clients. This consent is given on the condi-
tion, however, that the copier pay the stated per copy fee of $3.00 through the
Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, Massachu-
setts 01923, for copying beyond that permitted by Sections 107 or 108 of the
U.S. Copyright Law. This consent does not extend to other kinds of copying,
such as copying for general distribution, for advertising or promotional purpos-
es, for creating new collective works, or for resale.
NASA’s Operation IceBridge—an airborne mission to map polar ice—recently made some
flights out of the McMurdo and Amundsen-Scott South Pole stations, giving researchers
greater access to the interior of the icy continent. The flights over Antarctica (the ninth year
in a row) have turned up ample science data, as well as some spectacular images.
The top photograph was acquired during a flight from McMurdo Station aboard a
Basler aircraft on November 30, 2017. It shows ice flowing from the Transantarctic
Mountains, a range that runs the length of the continent and separates West Antarc-
tica and East Antarctica. The dark blue areas are where melt water—spurred by days
of abundant sunshine and light winds—has flowed down into lower spots and then
refroze. Refrozen melt ponds fill almost every ripple in the top-middle of the image, and
along the direction of flow of the glacier visible in the foreground.
Paler blue areas indicate places where uncompressed snow has blown away to reveal blue
ice. Ice is generally blue for the same reason that water is blue. Namely, the bond between
oxygen and hydrogen atoms in the water molecule, frozen or liquid, absorbs longer wave-
lengths of visible light and leaves behind the shorter (blue) wavelengths. Dense glacial ice
that has been compressed and the air bubbles are squeezed out will appear even bluer.
The second photograph, acquired on November 29 during a flight to Victoria Land,
shows an iceberg floating in McMurdo Sound. The part of the iceberg below water
appears bluest primarily due to blue light from the water in the Sound.
The undersides of some icebergs can be eroded away, exposing older, denser, and
incredibly blue ice. Erosion can change an iceberg’s shape and cause it to flip, bringing
the sculpted blue ice above the water’s surface. The unique step-like shape of this
berg—compared to the tabular and more stable berg in the top-right of the image—
suggests that it likely rotated sometime after calving.
This iceberg shows just a hint of blue color on its surface where snow has been removed.
Snow and ice that appears white will contain large numbers of air pockets, bubbles,
and other reflective particles that tend to reflect all wavelengths of visible light equally.
Photos courtesy of Chris Larsen, NASA’s Operation IceBridge mission. Story by Kathryn
Hansen. Vist
.
51,52,53,54,55 57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,...114
Powered by FlippingBook