monsoon season as well as the technique (Raney decomposi-
tion) is ideal for identifying rice class. This study holds good
for
kharif
(rainy) season crop also and has a scope for opera-
tionalization if the data is available in wide swath modes.
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to the Deputy Director (
RSAA
) and Di-
rector,
NRSC
for providing necessary facilities to carry out the
research work and the
RISAT
-Utilization Programme (
RISAT-UP
)
for funding the research work.
References
Alberga, V., G. Satalino, and D.K. Staykova, 2008. Comparison
of polarimetric SAR observables in terms of classification
performance,
International Journal of Remote Sensing
,
29(4):4129–4150.
Anonymous, 2014.
Mandal Statistics of Crops - Rabi Season (2013-
14)
, Office of CPO, West Godavari District, Government of AP,
India, personal communication.
Charbonneau, F.J., B. Brisco, R.K. Raney, H. Mcnairn, C. Liu, P.W.
Vachon, J. Shang, R. DeAbreu, C. Champagne, A. Merzouki,
and T. Geldsetzer, 2010. Compact polarimetric overview and
application assessment,
Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing
,
36(S2):298– 315.
Congalton, R.G., 1991. A review of assessing the accuracy of
classifications of remotely sensed data,
Remote Sensing of
Environment
, 37:35–46.
Freeman, A., and S.L. Durden, 1992. A three component scattering
model to describe polarimetric SAR data,
Proceedings of SPIE
Conference on Radar Polarimetry
, 1748:213–225.
Freeman, A., and S.L. Durden, 1998. A three component scattering
model for polarimetric SAR data,
IEEE Transactions on
Geoscience and Remote Sensing
, 36(3):963–973.
Haldar, D., and C. Patnaik, 2010. Synergistic use of multi-temporal
Radarsat SAR and AWiFS data for Rabi rice identification,
Journal of The Indian Society of Remote Sensing
, 38:153–160
Jensen, J.R., 2005.
Introductory Digital Image Processing-A remote
Sensing Perspective
, Third edition, pp. 370–372.
Lee, J.S., M.R. Grunes, and S.A. Mango, 1991. Speckle reduction
in multipolarization and multifrequency SAR imagery,
IEEE
Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
, 29(4):535–544.
Gumma, M.K., A. Nelson, P.S.Thenkabail, and A.N. Singh, 2011.
Mapping rice areas of South Asia using MODIS multi temporal
data,
Journal of Applied Remote Sensing
,5:1931–3195, doi:
10.1117/1.3619838.
Gumma, M.K., D. Gauchan, A. Nelson, S. Pandey, and A. Rala, 2011b.
Temporal changes in rice-growing area and their impact on
livelihood over a decade: A case study of Nepal,
Agriculture,
Ecosystems and Environment
, 142:382–392.
Gumma, M.K., P.S. Thenkabail, A. Maunahan., S. Islam, and A.
Nelson, 2014. Mapping seasonal rice cropland extent and area in
the cropping intensity environment of Bangladesh using MODIS
500m data for the year 2010.
ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry
and Remote Sensing
, 91:98–113.
Iyyappan, M., S.S. Ramakrishnan and K. Srinivasa raju, 2014. Study
of discrimination between planation and dense scrub based on
backscattering behavior of C-band SAR data, ISPRS Technical
Commission VIII Symposium, XL-8:755–760, doi: 10.5194/
irprsarchives-XL-8-755-2014.
Kausika, B.B., 2013.
Polarimetric Modeling of Lunar Surface for
Scattering Information Retrieval Using Mini-SAR Data of
CHANDRAYAAN-1
, M.Sc. dissertation, University of Twente,
Enschede, The Netherlands, 30 p.
Kun, L., B. Brisco, S. Yun, and R. Touzi, 2012. Polarimetric
decomposition with RADARSAT-2 for rice mapping and
monitoring,
Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing
, 38(2):169–79.
Lee, J.S., and E. Pottier, 2009,
Polarimetric Radar Imaging-From
Basics to Applications
, CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group.
LeToan, T., H. Laur, E. Mougin, and A. Lopes, 1989. Multi-temporal
and dual-polarization observations of Agricultural Vegetation
Covers by X-band SAR images,
IEEE Transactions on Geoscience
and Remote Sensing
, 27(6):709–718.
Manab Chakraborty, SushmaPanigraphy, A.S. Rajawat Murthy, T.V.R.
Rajkumar, Dipanwita Haldar, Abhisek Chakraborty, Tanumi
Kumar, Sneha Rode, Hrishikesh Kumar, Manik Mahapatra, and
SanchayitaKundu, 2013. Initial results using RISAT-1 c-band
SAR data,
Current Science
, 104(4):490–501.
Mayank, D. Mishra, Parul Patel, S.H. Srivastava, R.P. Patel, A. Shukla,
and A.K. Shukla, 2014. Absolute radiometric calibration of FRS-
1 and MRS mode of RISAT-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data using
Corner reflectors,
International Journal of Advanced Engineering
Research and Science
, 1(6):ISSN: 2349–6495.
McNairn, H., J.J. van der Sanden, R.J. Brown, and J. Ellis, 2000. The
potential of RADARSAT-2 for crop mapping and assessing crop
condition,
Proceedings of the 2
nd
International Conference on
Geospatial Information in Agriculture and Forestry
, Lake Buena
Vista, Florida, ERIM International, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan,
2:81–88
Panigraphy, S., K.R. Manjunath, M. Chakraborty, N. Kundu, and J.S.
Parihar, 1999. Evaluation of RADARSAT standard beam data for
identification of potato and rice crops in India,
ISPRS Journal of
Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
, 54(4):254–262.
Qin, M., W. Jinfei, and W. Peng, 2013. Assessment of multi temporal
RADARSAT-2 polarimetric SAR data for crop classification
in an urban/rural fringe area,
Agro-Geoinformatics, Second
International Conference
, Fairfax, Virginia, pp 314–319.
Ramana K.V., M.V.R. Sesha Sai, P.V. Satyanarayana, and G. Jayasree,
2014. Progression of rice transplantation and its impact on
production from multi temporal AWiFS data,
International
Journal of Remote Sensing and Geoscience
, 3(6):36–41.
Raney, R.K., 2007. Hybrid-polarity SAR architecture,
IEEE Trans-
actions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
, 45(11):3397–3404.
Raney, R.K., 2007. Decomposition of hybrid-polarity SAR data,
Proceedings of the 3
rd
International Workshop on Science and
Application in POLinSAR 2007
, pp. 22–26 .
Ribbes, F., and T. Le Toan, 1999. Rice Field mapping and monitoring
with RADARSAT data,
International Journal of Remote Sensing
,
20(4):745–765.
Keith, R., T.S. Joshua, W. Cahill, G. Patterson, and D.J.B. Benjamin,
2012. The m-chi decomposition of hybrid dual-polarimetric
radar data with application to lunar craters,
Journal of
Geophysical Research
, 117(E00H21)
.
Raney, R.K., 2013. M-chi decomposition of imperfect hybrid dual-
polarimetric radar data,
Proceedings of the POLinSAR
, Frascati,
Italy.
Shaunak, D., K. Vineet, and Y.S. Rao, 2014. Crop classification by
using hybrid polarimetric data SAR data,
Proceedings of the
European Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar
, Berlin,
Germany, ISBN 978-3-8007-3607-2/ISSN 2197-4403.
Tucker, C.J., and P.J. Sellers, 1986. Satellite remote sensing of
primary production,
International Journal of Remote Sensing
,
7(11):1395–1416.
Vanzyl, J.J., 1989. Unsupervised classification of scattering behavior
using radar polarimetry data,
IEEE Transactions on Geosciences
and Remote Sensing
, 27(1):36–45.
Yamaguchi, Y., T. Moriyama, M. Ishido, and H. Yamada, 2005.
Four-component scattering model for polarimetric SAR image
decomposition,
IEEE Transactions on Geosciences and Remote
sensing
,43(8):1699–1706.
Yamaguchi, Y., Y. Yajima, and H. Yamada, 2006. A four-component
decomposition of POLSAR images based on the coherency
matrix,
IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters
, 3(3).
(Received 01 September 2014; accepted 11 November 2014;
final version 13 February 2015)
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING & REMOTE SENSING
July 2015
563
