PERS_April2018_Public - page 225

The discrepancies and differences described in this study
agree with this recommendation.
A geodetic database may contain coordinates from several
thousand survey marks and a periodic assessment is required
to ensure data quality. The lesson learned and described in
this paper is that regional surveyors should be employed
to collect redundant data and submit these observations to
a geodetic database like the
MCPD
. These redundant data,
ideally distributed across all counties and across the entire
state, can be used to ensure improved positioning results and
subsequently improve the positional accuracy of other
GIS
lay-
ers, thus improving the spatial data infrastructure overall. The
life cycle of a position is subject to changes in the stability
of monument settings, changes in coordinates due to varying
horizontal and vertical datum usage, and changes in coordi-
nates due to the velocity of crustal movements across an area.
These factors were explored in this case study and the results
presented herein describe a method to determine the life
cycle or usability of control point positions.
References
Arifuzzaman, K. and R. Hintz, 2016. A Spatial Analysis of GEOID03
and GEOID09 in Connecticut,
Journal of Applied Geodesy
,
10(2):95–102.
Calais, E., J.Y. Han, C. DeMets, and J.M. Nocquet, 2006. Deformation of
the North American plate interior from a decade of continuous GPS
measurements,
Journal of Geophysical Research
, 111(B6):1–23.
CORS Coordinates Myear FAQ, National Geodetic Survey (NGS),
FAQ 6: What has changed between NAD 83(2011,MA11,PA11)
epoch 2010.00 and NAD 83(CORS96,MACP00,PACP00) epoch
2002.00?, URL:
/
myear_FAQ.shtml#CoordDiff
, Silver Spring, MD (last date
accessed: 24 May 2017).
CORS – IDBY, National Geodetic Survey (NGS), Time-Series (Long
Term), URL:
ftp://www.ngs.noaa.gov/cors/Plots/Longterm/
idby_08.long.png
, Silver Spring, MD (last date accessed 26
February 2018).
Fisher, B., and B. Conway, B., 2009. Evaluation of Survey Control
Stations Height Stability in Subsidence Zones, Presented
to American Congress on Surveying and Mapping (ACSM),
February 2009, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Inside Idaho, Idaho’s Geospatial Data Clearinghouse,
GeologicMapIdaho_faults (MapServer), URL:
insideidaho.org/arcgis/rest/services/IGS/GeologicMapIdaho_
faults/MapServer
(last date accessed: 26 February, 2018).
Li, D., J. Zhang, and H. Wu, 2012. Spatial Data Quality and Beyond,
International Journal of Geographical Information Science
,
26(12):2277–2290.
Mark Stability, National Geodetic Survey (NGS), Help File for Mark
Descriptions, URL:
.
shtml
, Silver Spring, MD (last date accessed on 26 February
2018).
Meyer, T., 2010.
Introduction to Geometrical and Physical Geodesy
Foundation of Geomatics
, ESRI Press, California, 246 p.
NGS 58, 1997.
Guidelines for Establishing GPS-Derived Ellipsoidal
Heights (Standards: 2cm and 5cm)
- Version 4.3, NOAA
Technical Memorandum NOS NGS-58, Silver Spring, Maryland.
NGS 59, 2008.
Guidelines for Establishing GPS-Derived Orthometric
Heights
, NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NGS-59, Silver
Spring, Maryland.
NGS 62, 2017.
Blueprint for 2022, Part 1: Geometric Coordinates
,
NOAA Technical Report NOS NGS 62, Silver Spring, Maryland.
NGS 64, 2017.
Blueprint for 2022, Part 2: Geopotential Coordinates
,
NOAA Technical Report NOS NGS 64, Silver Spring, Maryland.
NIMA, 2000. World geodetic systems 1984, its definition and
relationship with local geodetic systems.
US DMA Technical
Report TR 8350.2
, U.S. Defense Mapping Agency, Denver,
Colorado.
Pitzer, D., 2012.
The Idaho-Montana Geopositioning Cooperative
,
abstract for presentation submitted to URISA/ NWGIS
Conference, 30 September to 04 October, Portland, Oregon.
Pursell, D.G., and M. Potterfield, 2008.
NAD 83 (NSRS2007) National
Readjustment final Report
, NOAA Technical Report NOS NGS
60, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Roman, D.R., Y.M. Wang, W. Henning, and J. Hamilton, 2004.
Assessment of the New National Geoid Height Model, GEOID03,
Surveying and Land Information Science
, 64(3):153–162.
Roman, D.R., Wang, Y.M., Saleh, J., Li, X., 2009. National Geoid
Height Models for the United States: USGG2009 and GEOID09.
ACSM-MARLS-UCLS-WFPS Conference, 20-23 Feb, Salt Lake
City, UT.
Sbar, L.M., M. Barazangi, J. Dorman, H.C. Scholz, and M.R. Smith,
1972. Tectonics of the Intermountain Seismic Belt, Western
United States: Microearthquake Seismicity and Composite
Fault Plane Solutions,
Geological Society of America Bulletin
,
83:13–28.
Sella, G.F., S. Stein, T.H. Dixon, M. Craymer, T.H. James, H. Mazzotti,
and R.K. Dokka, 2007. Observation of glacial isostatic adjustment
in “stable” North America with GPS,
Geophysical Research
Letters,
34(2):1–6.
Sheskin, J.D., 2003.
Handbook of Parametric and Nonparametric
Statistical Procedures
, Chapman & Hall/CRC Press, Florida, 1193 p.
Sickle, V.J., 2013. Association of Petroleum Surveying and
Geomatics (APSG), URL:
/
Chapters/US%20West/2013.01.18_USWest_Jan_Van_Sickle_
NorthAmericanHorizontalDatums.pdf
; US West, (last date
accessed: 26 February 2018).
Snay, R.A., and T. Soler, 2000a. Modern Terrestrial Reference
Systems Part 2 - The evolution of NAD83,
Professional Surveyor
,
20(2):16–18.
Snay, R.A., and T. Soler T., 2000b. Modern Terrestrial Reference
Systems Part 3 - WGS 84 and ITRS,
Professional Surveyor
,
20(3):24–28.
Snay, R.A., and T. Soler, 2008. Continuously operating reference
station (CORS): History, applications, and future enhancements,
Journal of Surveying Engineering
, 134(4):95–104.
Soler, T., and R.A. Snay, 2004. Transforming positions and velocities
between the International Terrestrial Reference Frame of 2000
and North American Datum of 1983,
Journal of Surveying
Engineering
, 130(2):49–55.
Technical Details for GEOID12/12A/12B, National Geodetic Survey
(NGS), URL:
/
GEOID12B_TD.shtm
, Silver Spring, MD (last date accessed: 23
May 2017).
United States Geological Survey (USGS), Earthquake Hazards
Program, Information by Regions-Idaho, 2014 Seismic Hazard
Map, URL
:
/
idaho-haz.php
, Golden, CO, (last date accessed: 26 February
2018.
Weston, N.D., R.A. Soler, and D. Roman, 2012. Recently Adopted
Changes to the Terrestrial Reference Frames used in the United
States,
Proceedings of FIG Working week 2012
, “Knowing to
manage the territory, protect the environment, evaluate the
cultural heritage”, 06-10 May, Rome, Italy.
Zilkoski, D.B., J.H. Richards, and G.M. Young, 1992. Results of the
General Adjustment of the North American Vertical Datum of
1988,
Surveying and Land Information Systems
, 52(3):133–149.
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING & REMOTE SENSING
April 2018
225
167...,215,216,217,218,219,220,221,222,223,224 226,227,228,229,230
Powered by FlippingBook