consistency, accuracy, and reliability for the entire region. In
this research, it was proved that the theoretical precision of
the drift compensation model can achieve reasonably consis-
tent precision for the entire region, whereas affine compensa-
tion, the most widely used model, depends on lateral overlap.
To deduce the analytical equation of theoretical precision, the
block adjustment was simplified to orientations of stereo pairs
in steps. All tie points were deployed at each corner of the
overlap to achieve the best distribution. Because of cumula-
tive random errors, the standard deviation of affine compen-
sation grew exponentially with the number of stereo pairs,
when the four
GCPs
were deployed at the first stereo pairs. The
growth rate was relative to the overlap. Because of the elimi-
nation of the sample coordinate-related compensation pa-
rameters, the drift compensation model is independent of the
sample coordinates and of the lateral overlap. The standard
deviations of both sample and line coordinates approach
σ
0
and 1.4
σ
0
, respectively, when the number of strips is infinite.
Two experiments were carried out to support this theory.
The first experiment proved that a larger overlap and more tie
points achieve a higher accuracy when four different strate-
gies of tie points are used for block adjustment of two strip
stereo pairs. In the second experiment, five different sets of
GCPs
were used to compare the affine compensation and drift
compensation models. In brief, the block adjustment with af-
fine compensation required four
GCPs
per strip; otherwise, the
geolocation errors would dramatically decrease to the level of
direct orientation. The geolocation errors of drift compensa-
tion were rather consistent when no
GCPs
were involved in
block adjustment. The
RMSE
of the entire block was 2.21 m in
planimetry and 1.53 m in height with four
GCPs
at the corners
of the entire block. Future work may extend the drift compen-
sation model to other satellites with significant system errors,
such as Cartosat-1.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers
for their valuable comments and suggestions to improve the
quality of the paper. This work was supported by, National
Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41701538),
Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, China (Grant
No. 2017JJ3377), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation
funded project (Grant No. 2017T100611), Special Fund for
High Resolution Images Surveying and Mapping Application
System(Grant No.AH1601).
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PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING & REMOTE SENSING
